Making an SE


Here we will explain the functions that will be used primarily in making SE's, while examining the SE's (Songs Number 1 ~ 11) used in the demonstration. 

INDEX    Making an SE
    1. Using Direct Sounds
        (1) One Shot Sounds
        (2) Changing Frequency with Pitch Bending in Loop Sounds
        (3) Adding Vibrato to Looped Sounds
    2. Using Compatible Sounds (CGB Sound Source)
        (1) Changing Frequency with Pitch Bending
        (2) Adding Sweep
        (3) Using Sound 3
        (4) Using Sound 4 (Noise)
    3. Using Direct Sounds and Compatible Sounds Simultaneously
    4. Other Points to Keep in Mind

1. Using Direct Sounds

  (1) One Shot Sounds
    This is the most common method of making one-time sounds like a pistol or an explosion.
    If there is no need to change the pitch, the tone color settings are specified as "F."
    (This is to lighten the processing load)
    Match up the sampling frequency and the playback frequency at this time. 
    One more thing you need to be aware of is that you have to extend the note length in the Standard Midi File
    (hereinafter SMF) for the same length of time as the time of the sampled waveform. 
    Reference Example: Song Number 01

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  (2) Changing Frequency with Pitch Bending in Loop Sounds 
    Set the Tone Color Setting to A. 
    Set the range of the Scale Change Amount to -8192 ~ 8191 using the pitch bend
    specified with MIDI Controller Number 20 (the default is 2, which is a whole note)
    as shown in the SMF Settings diagram. 
    Reference Example: Song Number 02
                                           Song Number 08

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Table 1 (Time Base of 480)
Measure(s) Tempo Clock Type Value 1 Value 2 Scale Velocity Gate Time (Tempo | Clock)
1 1 000 tempo 120        
1 1 000 time 4/4        
1 1 000 note     c3 127 0|360
1 1 000 program 5        
1 1 000 bend 0        
1 1 000 control 20 18      
1 1 000 control 10 64      
1 1 000 control 7 10      
1 1 020 bend 453        
1 1 040 bend 907        
1 1 060 bend 1361        
1 1 080 bend 1814        
1 1 100 bend 2268        
1 1 120 bend 2722        
1 1 140 bend 3176        
1 1 160 bend 3629        
1 1 180 bend 4083        
1 1 200 bend 4537        
1 1 220 bend 4991        
1 1 240 bend 5444        
1 1 260 bend 5898        
1 1 280 bend 6352        
1 1 300 bend 6806        
1 1 320 bend 7259        
1 1 340 bend 8190        
    (3) Adding  Vibrato to Looped Sounds
    The SMF settings use the MIDI Controller Numbers like those specified in Table 2 for the
    Depth (01), Speed (21), Type (22) and Delay Time (26).
    * There are links from the above mks$agb System Manual to the "Making Song Data (8)
    MIDI Event Table." 
    Reference Example: Song Number 03

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Table 2 (Time Base of 480)
Measure(s) Tempo Clock Type Value 1 Value 2 Scale Velocity Gate Time (Tempo | Clock 
1 1 000 tempo 120        
1 1 000 time 4/4        
1 1 000 note     c3 127 0|240
1 1 000 program 11        
1 1 000 control 10 64      
1 1 000 control 7 127      
1 1 000 control 1 40      
1 1 001 control 21 60      
1 1 002 control 22 0      
1 1 003 control 26 0      
1 1 120 control 7 127      
1 1 140 control 7 108      
1 1 160 control 7 89      
1 1 180 control 7 69      
1 1 200 control 7 50      
1 1 220 control 7 31      
1 1 240 control 7 11      


2. Using Compatible Sounds (CGB Sound Source)

     (1) Changing  Frequency with Pitch Bending
    As in Section (2) in Part 1 above, the SMF bend range is specified and set to a range Z
    of -8192 ~ 8191.
    Reference Example: Song Number 04
                                           Song Number 09

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     (2) Adding Sweep 
    This uses the Sound 1 sweep function of the CGB Sound Source. The waveform name
    is taken as a sc1dt?? (?? = Duty 12, 25, 50, 75 (%)) and the Tone Color Number
    registered in the Tone Color Setup, is designated as the Program Number. Also, a
    sweep will take place if the values 00 ~ 7F (hexadecimal numbers), are set up after the
    Tone Color numbers which are registered in MKS4agb.ini. The upper three bits are the
    sweep time, the lower three are the shift count. The third bit determines the degree of
    increase or decrease. (Please refer to the "Game Boy Programming Manual" register list.)
    Reference Example: Song Number 05
                                           Song Number 10
 

----- Example of mks4agb.ini Syntax --------------------------
;Tone Color Settings
vgroup = 0
p009 = Q, sc1dt50,    99,  99,  99,  99,,,,1c
--------------------------------------------------------------
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    (3) Using Sound 3
    Waveform patterns to be written into the waveform RAM (4 bit * 32 steps) are written
    where the waveform settings belong in the mks4agb.ini file. The label names (up to 16
    alphanumeric) specified there or the Tone Color Numbers (sc3w??? registered with
    the Tone Color Setup) will be designated as SMF Program Change Numbers and
    used. 
    Reference Example: Song Number 07
 

----- Example of mks4agb.ini Syntax --------------------------
;Tone Color Settings
vgroup = 0
p027 = Q, sc3w001,    99,  99,  99,  99

;Sound 3 Waveform Settings
w001 = 0123456789ABCDEFFEDCBA9876543210, triangle
--------------------------------------------------------------
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     (4) Using Sound 4 (Noise) 
    The Waveform name is taken as sc4st?? (?? = the step number (15 or 7) and the
    Tone Color Number registered with the mks4agb.ini Tone Color Setup is set up in
    the SMF. Please look here for a table of noise frequencies and corresponding note
    numbers. 
    *This is linked to the mks4agb System Manual Table. 
    (For more information concerning the hardware register for setting the noise frequency 
    "NR43," please refer to the "Game Boy Programming Manual.")

    Reference Example: Song Number 06

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3. Using Direct Sounds and Compatible Sounds Simultaneously

Since the Direct Sound and CGB compatible sounds are both handled by the tone color setup in the same way, the MUSIC PLAYER AGB 2000 can use them simultaneously. 
Reference Example: Song Number 11

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4. Other Points to Keep in Mind

If you want to input data in one-frame units, we recommend setting the TEMPO to 150, and inputting the clocks(ticks) with the quarter note resolution (time base) of this driver set to 24. For example, if you are using sequencing software with a time base of 480, the input would be in units of 20 clocks. 

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This concludes "Making an SE."
Proceed to the next section. 

Next: Making Background Music

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